Dry Eyes
About 12 million Americans have dry eyes. This is due to the inability to produce enough tears to keep the eye surface lubricated and comfortable.
Tears are produced by lacrimal gland tissue. The major lacrimal glands are under the skin in the eye bag. The tears reach the surface of the eye from the gland through small openings (Lacrimal puncta), then passes into canals in the eyelids (lacrimal ducts), a small sac (lacrimal sac) and finally into the nose.
Normally, blinking eyelashes helps to spread a film of tears on the eye. If the flashing stops, dry zones are developed on the surface of the eye and vision decreases.
The continuous production and drainage of tears is very important. Tears keep the eye moisture, helps Curer wounds and protects the eye against infection.
People with “dry eye” are in a great Risk of developing eye infections.
What causes “dry eyes”?
Dry eyes occur -
With age. Dry eyes are more common in women, especially after menopause.
With the use of some drugs, including nasal decongestants, antihistamines and sedatives.
You some times after eye surgery.
In some people the wrong position of the eyelids.
Infrequently after irradiation in the eye.
In very dry air climes.
Sometimes vitamin A deficiency or after some qulmica burn in the eye.
In dry eye syndrome called keratoconjunctivitis sicca. These syndromes usually affect both eye, causing dryness, redness, swelling, itching, and burning of the eyes and often reduced vision. In autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren’s syndrome.
In connective tissue diseases like arthritis rematoidea.
What are the symptoms of dry eyes?
The major symptom of dry eyes is the sensation of itching and gritty feel that something is in the eye. Other symptoms may include:
Irritation, burning, and itching of the eyes.
Episodes of excessive tears are followed by periods of very dry sensation.
Downloads fibrous inside the eyes.
Pain and redness of the eyes.
Blurred vision, change or decreased vision. The vision loss is usually not severe.
How are they diagnosed dry eyes?
The clinical information of the patient’s history often give clues to the diagnosis of dry eye. A careful examination of all tissues usually provides more information and documentation to make the diagnosis. Also a number of tests can help diagnose.
The best test for dry eye is the Schirmer test. In this test strip is placed on the portion of fiitro Eye in the conjunctival sac up to five minutes. Less than normal amount of wet repeated tests indicate decreased production of tears. Unfortunately this test is not accurate because it does not detect many patients with dry eyes. Other tests should be performed before ruling out a diagnosis of dry eyes.
Other diagnostic tests include applying a drop of special dye (gengal pink dye) into the eye. If there is a deficiency of tears the dye forms a characteristic pattern on the surface of the eye.
What treatments help in dry eyes?
The main goal in this treatment is to help improve symptoms. Usually this is best done with artificial tears. This replacement tears and wet eyes lubricated. These are available in pharmacies without prescription. Because artificial tears are short-acting effects, they must be applied frequently.
There are many brands of artificial tears on the market, and you may need to try several classes to find the best daemon to work for you. Sometimes the combination of different classes more effective aid. Some classes have preservatives that may cause allergic reactions with prolonged use of them.
Sterile ointments containing petrolatum are sometimes used and can help lubricate and foresee the eye from drying. However, some people may cause irritation. These ointments are usually not available on prescription.
Other alternatives for increasing the surface moisture of the eye are available. There are different kinds of implants that slowly dissolve in the eye and release artificial tears. These implants are not suitable for everyone and use them require a prescription.
The prevent tears from evaporating too could help dry eyes. Using a humidifier during the winter to increase air humidity can also help. Furthermore, wetting camera glasses are available, they have a protector that meets the sides to keep moisture inside.
In severe cases of dry eyes, artificial tears do not control symptoms, other treatments might be necessary. One method is to produce the closure of the tear ducts and thereby prevent drainage of tears from her eyes. This includes the cauterization of the tissues (using heat or electric current), laser treatment or surgery. One possible complication of the closure of the ducts may be an excess of tears. Because of this, some surgeons eyes first temporarily close the tear duct to test how effective this procedure might be.
When a lower eyelid malposition is the cause of dry eyes, eyelid surgery can help the dryness.
When the moisture is caused by drug use (drugs), sometimes, to discontinue medication, the symptoms are relieved.
There is no cure for dry eye syndrome, therefore, treatment with artificial tears is a long time. The severity of the problem, however, often fluctuates and can be improved. A majority of the treatment involves preventing complications of eye infections.
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