“Between the ages of 2 and 4 years, even a marginal exposure to television retards the development of the child,” says Linda S. Pagani, lead author. Television “is a passive activity as physically, intellectually and socially. These activities take place are to the detriment of the game and interaction with the world which are fundamental in the development of young children.

Pagani and his colleagues from the universities of Montreal and Michigan conducted the study with 1314 Quebec children assessed at 29 months, 53 months and 10 years. “We thought that the negative impact of early exposure to the [television] disappeared with time. Rather, we found that they persist, “said the researcher.

For every hour spent daily watching television between the ages of 2 and 4 years, researchers found a decrease of 7% interest in class and 6% at 10 years math skills. No impact was found on reading skills.

In social terms, each additional hour resulted in an increase of 10% risk of victimization by classmates. Each additional hour was also associated with a decrease of 9% of general physical activity, a 10% increase in snacking and 5% of body mass index (BMI).

11% of children exceeded the recommended standard to 29 months and 23.4% in excess of 53 months.

A 2007 study published in the Journal of Pediatrics showed that even educational programming aimed at toddlers do not promote learning. Frederick Zimmerman of the University of Washington concluded that there was “no interest” to resort to such issues.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends not expose children under 2 years on television and restricted to less than two hours daily consumption of 2-5 years.

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The ICD10 described transsexualism as “the desire to live and be accepted as a person belonging to the opposite sex. This desire is usually accompanied by a feeling of discomfort or inadequacy towards his own anatomical sex and a desire to undergo surgery or hormone treatment to make her body conform as nearly as possible to the desired sex. ”

The prevalence of transsexualism is estimated between 1 / 10000 and 1 / 50000 of the population.

Transsexualism should be differentiated from intersex (hermaphrodite) accompanied by physical and hormonal characteristics such as the person is anatomically and physiologically, between man and woman. Intersex could reach 2% of births. In the therapeutic approach to intersex, now expected that the sexual identity of the child develops before resorting to surgery arbitrary irreversible. This position is supported by failures related to the “imposition of a gender identity” from 2 years. It recognizes that the brain is a neurodevelopmental factor in gender identity, beyond the genital characteristics and social role assigned in infancy, the report said.

Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain transsexualism. It is regarded as resulting from biological, psychological and social interfering with the construction of sexual identity. The importance of these factors varies from one person to another. The report summarizes these different explanatory approaches.

The report describes the approaches used at different stages of medical care and the social and legal aspects of transsexualism.

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A research include it immediately, which we consider questionable from the standpoint of ethics and shocking as it intervenes in the family relationships of the participants.

Participants who have experienced depression reported feeling completely well and be completely restored but their neural activity was more like that which has been observed in people with depression in other studies.

Jill M. Hooley, researcher in psychology, and colleagues conducted the study with 23 women of whom 12 had no history of depression and 11 reported one or more episodes of depression, but reported no symptoms for 20 months on average.

While images of brain activity were taken using a scanner (fMRI), participants listened to an audio recording of comments about them from their mother. Some comments were positive, others were negative and neutral. The comments were recorded on the phone with the permission of the mother. The researchers made sure that these criticisms were not too extreme and had already been expressed to the participants.

Although participants with a history of depression reported reactions similar to those aware of the participants without a history, their brain activity was different.

While those without a history of depression showed increased activity in regions involved in cognitive control of emotions (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex), those who showed no history of increased activity in these regions but rather in the amygdala, a region responsible for emotional response to threatening situations. Previous research had shown a similar activity in these systems during the depression.

If this type of brain activity precedes depression or whether it represents something of a cerebral scar a past episode is still unknown.

Previous research has shown that living in a home environment where there is a lot of criticism increases the rate of relapse into depression. That raises even more the question of the ethics of this research in our opinion, although the researchers claimed to have ensured that all participants feel comfortable leaving the experiment.

The research was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health.

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For those who wondered, I’m writing this from some ivory tower, I have lived my entire life. My father suffered much more severe than the depression I. He was hospitalized for at least three times and horrible for shock treatments (which I hated) as the only effective way to get it. Depression was the main reason for my father’s death of an otherwise healthy man, aged eighty-three. My depression is definitely under control and no longer a problem for me because on the rare occasions when it does its ugly head back, I do things I will describe in the following paragraphs.

So where does the feeling of depression comes? According to Dr. Albert Ellis, the depression comes from the imposition of “should,” “aughts” and “musts” in ourselves. Therefore, when we think of it, we discovered that our current wave of depression stemming from some unreasonable demands to which we are subjecting ourselves. Try not to take more than is realistic. I know it can be difficult for some of us, but deep within us usually knows what we can do and what we can not.

Second, when depression takes hold that we must fight the urge police and deal with all our power to act as if we feel good. This is not an easy thing to do, but it works! If you can not do what they had planned or otherwise, done that day, then start with simple tasks like making the bed, walking the dog, watering plants, dust or take a shower. Do what you can do to get moving and then just something else and something else and so on and before you know that you have convinced your brain that are agreed, you, and you yourself have rescued a day of otherwise miserable. Of course, what really happens is that as you become increasingly active and busy to miss at the moment and forget all about their depression (even when living in the last paragraph of this essay). Think of yourself as a locomotive that has a bit of time to reach its vapor, before you know you are moving along a good steady clip. Trust me it works. Once again, I know it’s not easy, it’s the last thing I want to do, but as a test once to experience the power that you give yourself to get even that little more control over their own lives.

The more you give the monster that depression is more powerful than you give, but you can not strong arm, you must maneuver. Attempts at high-assemble the beast plays right into their hands. Make no mistake is a cunning enemy. While you are playing your game, you lose. Therefore, how to change the rules and control the game? Here are some strategies to employ. The first, which I described above, is to move, start with a simple thing and doing more and more until you are rolling along behind and in his way. The next step is to observe the phenomenon, while maintaining detachment. To do this you must try to get out of yourself and observe the situation dispassionately as if you are watching a movie. It takes a little practice, but can not. Remember that it is the emotional connection that gives you control this monster, and like the Chinese finger trap, the harder the fight becomes tighter. Stealth is the answer.

The next step is something you should not be done while you’re in the throes of depression and is thinking about the past or future. The thoughts of the past allow us to wallow in our self-pity and to pump up the rage in recent complaints, grievances and hurts, which only adds fuel to the fire and helps justify the bad feelings that we are living in this battle of the depression and that makes the monster stronger. Do not! Just makes you feel worse. It plays right into the hands of the devil and helps to strengthen their control. Remember the Chinese finger trap, finesse is best.

Reflections of the future at this time are also murderers. The reason is that while we are in a depressed state throughout the world is gray, we are seeing the world through gray glasses. The tendency to change the present to imagine a better future, while the feeling is one of depression’s tricks higher, because it is nothing but a trap. It does not work. We have become increasingly frustrated as we tried in vain, against the top of the head to find the answer and solution to our problems of life. What usually happens is that we got some very exaggerated, with whom he feels good at the moment, and gives a temporary high, but ultimately falls apart in our minds as they vainly attempt to work out the details. Only makes things worse as we fail the pavement of reality.

In general, and especially during the depression and despair, we must do everything possible to live in the moment. Of course, keeping our thoughts at this time makes it easier to avoid dwelling on the past and the future, so we prepared for moments of weakness when we got the blues and sink into the black hole of despair. This will make us more practiced at keeping ourselves from falling into the traps nasty depression.

In conclusion, I must stress that this technique should be added to its list of “should,” “oughts” and “musts” to the extent that if it does not work the first time that you have failed in this as well. This information is intended to be helpful not hurtful. Therefore, in the spirit of the process which can take him. Just as it can. It certainly will take some courage, convictions and some gumption to free yourself, even slightly, this monster called smart, but depression Reward worth the struggle.

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